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01   INTEGRATED      73  STATUTORY      178  FINANCIAL
                  REPORT
                                                          STATEMENTS
                                      REPORTS
                                                          Consolidated

                        the time of the transaction. In contrast, deferred   tax assets arising from deductible temporary
                        tax assets are only recognised to the extent that   differences associated with such investments and
                        it is probable that future taxable profits will be   interests  are  only  recognised  to  the  extent  that
                        available against which the temporary differences   it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable
                        can be utilised.                                  profits against which to utilise the benefits of the
                                                                          temporary differences and they are expected to
                          The carrying value of deferred tax assets is
                        reviewed at the end of each reporting period and   reverse in the foreseeable future.
                        reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable      2.26  Provisions and contingencies
                        that sufficient taxable profits will be available to
                        allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.          A provision is recognised when the Group has a
                                                                          present obligation as a result of past events and
                          Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are   it is probable that an outflow of resources will
                        expected to apply in the period when the liability   be  required  to  settle  the  obligation,  in  respect
                        is  settled  or  the  asset  is  realised  based  on  the   of which a reliable estimate of the amount can
                        tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or   be  made. Provisions  are determined based  on
                        substantially enacted by the end of the reporting   best estimate required to settle the obligation
                        period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities   at the Balance Sheet date.  When a provision is
                        and assets reflects the tax consequences that     measured using the cash flows estimated to settle
                        would follow from the manner in which the Group   the present obligation, its carrying amount is the
                        expects, at  the end  of  the reporting period, to   present value of those cash flows (when the effect
                        cover or settle the carrying value of its assets and   of the time value of the money is material). The
                        liabilities.                                      increase in the provisions due to passage of time is
                          Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset to the   recognised as interest expense.
                        extent that they relate to taxes levied by the same           Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet
                        tax authority and there are legally enforceable   date and adjusted to reflect the current best
                        rights to set off current tax assets and current tax   estimate. If  it is  no  longer  probable  that the
                        liabilities within that jurisdiction.             outflow of resources would be required to settle
                                                                          the obligation, the provision is reversed.
                          Current and deferred tax are recognised as an
                        expense or income in the Consolidated Statement           Contingent  liabilities  are  disclosed  when  there
                        of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items   is a possible obligation arising from past events,
                        credited or debited either in other comprehensive   the existence of which will be confirmed only
                        income or directly in equity, in which case the tax   by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or
                        is also recognised in OCI or directly in equity.  more uncertain future events  not wholly  within
                                                                          the control of the Group or a present obligation
                          Deferred tax assets include a credit for the    that  arises  from past  events  where  it  is either
                        Minimum Alternate Tax (‘MAT’) paid in accordance   not probable that an outflow of resources will
                        with the tax laws, which is likely to give future   be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the
                        economic benefits in the form of availability of   amount cannot be made.
                        set off against future income tax liability. MAT
                        asset is recognised as deferred tax assets in the           Contingent assets are not disclosed in the financial
                        Consolidated Balance Sheet when the asset can     statements unless an inflow of economic benefits
                        be measured reliably, and it is probable that the   is probable.
                        future economic benefit associated with the asset      2.27  Emissions Trading Allowances
                        will be realised.
                                                                            At each period-end the Group estimates its
                          Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  recognised  for   outstanding obligation to surrender allowances
                        taxable  temporary differences  associated  with   under United Kingdom emission trading scheme
                        investments  in subsidiaries  and interests  in joint   (“UKETS”).  Where these obligations are already
                        ventures, except where the Group is able to       matched by allowances either held or purchased
                        control the reversal of the temporary difference   forward by the Group, the provisions is calculated
                        and it is probable that the temporary difference   using the same cost as the allowances.  To the
                        will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred   extent that the Group has obligations to surrender


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