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2.3.2  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities        and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
                        Significant management judgment is required to   Significant judgment is required when evaluating
                      determine the amount of deferred tax assets that   the provision including, the probability of an
                      can be recognised, based upon the likely timing    unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a
                      and the level of future taxable profits.           reasonable estimate of the amount of potential
                                                                         loss. provisions for litigations are reviewed at each
                        the amount of total deferred tax assets could    accounting period and revisions made for the
                      change if management estimates of projected        changes  in  facts  and  circumstances.  Contingent
                      future taxable income or if tax regulations undergo   liabilities are disclosed in the notes forming part of
                      a change.                                          the Consolidated Financial Statements. Contingent
                                                                         assets are not disclosed in the Consolidated
                      Similarly,  the  identification  of  temporary     Financial Statements unless an inflow of economic
                      differences pertaining to subsidiaries that are    benefits is probable.
                      expected to reverse in the foreseeable future and
                      the determination of the related deferred income   2.4   Functional and presentation currency
                      tax liabilities, require the Management to make        Items included in the Consolidated Financial Statements
                      significant judgments, estimates and assumptions.  of each of the  group’s entities are measured using the
                                                                   currency of the primary economic environment in which
                2.3.3   Useful lives of property, plant and equipment   the entity operates (the ‘Functional Currency’).  the CFS
                      (‘PPE’) and intangible assets                are presented in Indian rupees (`), which is the group’s
                        Management reviews the estimated useful lives   presentation currency.
                      and residual value of ppe and Intangibles at the end
                      of each reporting period. Factors such as changes   2.5   Basis of Consolidation:
                      in the expected level of usage, technological        the CFS  comprise  the Financial  Statements  of the
                      developments, units-of-production and product   Company, its subsidiaries and the group’s interest in joint
                      life-cycle, could significantly impact the economic   ventures as at the reporting date.
                      useful lives and the residual values of these
                      assets. Consequently, the future depreciation and   Subsidiaries
                      amortisation charge could be revised and may        Subsidiaries include all the entities over which the group
                      have an impact on the profit of the future years.  has control. the group controls an entity when the group
                                                                   is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns through its
                2.3.4  Employee Benefit obligations                involvement in the entity and has the ability to affect those
                        employee benefit obligations are determined   returns through its power to direct the relevant activities
                      using  actuarial  valuations.  an actuarial  valuation   of the entity. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date
                      involves making various assumptions that may   control commences until the date control ceases.
                      differ from actual developments.  these include
                      the estimation of the appropriate discount rate,      Joint venture
                      future salary increases and mortality rates.  due        a joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties
                      to the complexities involved in the valuation   that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to
                      and its long-term nature, the employee benefit   the net assets of the arrangement. Interests in joint venture
                      obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these   are accounted for using the equity method of accounting
                      assumptions. all assumptions are reviewed at each   (see (III) below).
                      reporting date.
                                                                   The CFS have been prepared on the following basis:
                2.3.5  Provisions and contingencies
                                                                   I   the Financial Statements of the Company and its
                        From time to time, the group is subject to legal   subsidiary companies have been consolidated on a line
                      proceedings, the ultimate outcome of each being   by- line basis by adding together of like items of assets,
                      subject to uncertainties inherent in litigations.   liabilities, income and expenses, after fully eliminating
                      a provision for litigation is made when it is   intra-group balances and intra-group transactions
                      considered probable that a payment will be made   and resulting unrealised profit or losses, unless cost



           250  I  Integrated annual report 2019-20
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