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at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition,   investment properties comprising building are carried
                intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated   at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated
                amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.  impairment losses, if any.
                  the intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortised        depreciation on buildings is provided over the estimated
                using straight line method over their estimated useful   useful  lives  as specified  in  note  2.9 above. the residual
                lives. the management’s estimates of the useful lives for   values, estimated useful lives and depreciation method
                various class of intangibles are as given below:   of investment properties are reviewed, and adjusted on
                                                                   prospective basis as appropriate, at each reporting date.
                 Asset                           Useful life       the effects of any revision are included in the Consolidated
                 Mining rights**                 140 years         Statement of profit and loss when the changes arise.
                 Computer software                3-8 years
                                                                     an investment property is de-recognised when either
                 product registration, contractual rights and  4-20 years  the investment property has been disposed of or does
                 rights to use railway wagons
                                                                   not meet the criteria of investment property i.e. when
                 technical knowhow                3 years          the investment property is permanently withdrawn from
                **Mining rights which are in relation to the uSa subsidiaries   use and no future economic benefit is expected from its
                mine are amortised using the units-of-production method.   disposal. the difference between the net disposal proceeds
                approximately 99% (previous year 99%) of mining rights   and the carrying amount of the asset is recognised in the
                are amortised using the units-of-production method.   Consolidated Statement of profit and loss in the period of
                                                                   de-recognition.
                the estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the
                management.                                  2.13   Research and Development Expenses
                  losses arising from the retirement or disposal of an        research expenses are charged to the Consolidated
                intangible asset are determined as the difference between   Statement of  profit and  loss as expenses in the year in
                the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of   which they are incurred. development costs are capitalised
                the asset and recognised as income or expense in the   as an intangible asset under development when the
                Consolidated Statement of profit and loss.         following criteria are met:

           2.11     Capital work-in-progress (‘CWIP’) and intangible      •     the project is clearly defined, and the costs are
                assets under development                              separately identified and reliably measured;
                  projects under commissioning and other CWIp/ intangible      •     the technical feasibility of the project is demonstrated;
                assets under development are carried at cost, comprising
                direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable      •     the ability to use or sell the products created during
                borrowing cost.                                       the project is demonstrated;

                  Subsequent expenditures relating to property, plant and      •     the intention to complete the project exists and use or
                equipment are capitalised only when it is probable that   sale of output manufactured during the project;
                future economic benefit associated with these will flow      •     a potential market for the products created during the
                to the group and the cost of the item can be measured   project exists or their usefulness, in case of internal use,
                reliably.
                                                                      is demonstrated, such that the project will generate
                                                                      probable future economic benefits; and
                  advances given to acquire property, plant and equipment
                are recorded as non-current assets and subsequently      •     adequate resources  are  available  to  complete the
                transferred to CWIp on acquisition of related assets.
                                                                      project.
           2.12   Investment property                                these development  costs  are  amortised  over  the
                  Investment  properties  are land  and buildings  that  are   estimated useful life of the projects or the products they
                held for long term lease rental yields and/ or for capital   are  incorporated  within. the  amortisation  of  capitalised
                appreciation. Investment properties are initially recognised   development costs begins as soon as the related product
                at cost including transaction costs. Subsequently   is released to production.


           254  I  Integrated annual report 2019-20
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